Deed of variation explained
Last reviewed 18 August 2026
Curiously, a will can be rewritten after the death it speaks to — not by the deceased, but by those who inherit, provided they act within a fixed window and all agree.
How it works
A deed of variation allows a beneficiary to give up or redirect part of their inheritance — to a child, say, or a charity — as if the deceased had left it that way. It must be made in writing within two years of the death, and every affected beneficiary must agree. It can be used whether or not there was a will.
Why people use it
The common motive is tax: redirecting a gift can improve the inheritance-tax position of the estate or the family, or move assets to those who need them more. It does not, however, restart the seven-year clock on lifetime gifts, and it cannot be used to disadvantage a beneficiary without their consent.
Questions
How long do I have to make a deed of variation?+
Does a deed of variation save inheritance tax?+
Sources. GOV.UK, Alter an estate after death (deeds of variation); two-year window; IHT treatment.